CIVIL PROCEDURE: Pleadings
5 cases · July 2024 to April 2026
Case Volume by Year
1 24
1 25
3 26
2024–2026
Key Issues & Sub-Topics
Material facts — Failure to plead material facts in the Statement of Claim — Allegation of unidentified repairman ("Malay male") — Order 18 Rule 7(1) of the Rules of Court 2012 — Litigation by ambush — Inadmissibility of unpleaded evidence 1 Amendment — Application for leave to re-amend Statement of Claim — Rules of Court 2012, Order 20 Rule 5 — Change of solicitors — Proposed amendments to introduce additional factual averments, expand on misrepresentation particulars, and add alternative claim for negligent misrepresentation — Whether proposed amendments introduce a new cause of action or change the character of the suit — Whether application affected by delay — Distinguishing introduction of alternative legal basis from fundamental change to identity of litigation — Proposed amendments arising from same core factual matrix and insurance policy — Absence of prejudice to Defendant that cannot be compensated by costs — Trial dates not derailed — Proposed amendment to introduce claim for breach of statutory duty — Failure to identify specific statute or plead essential ingredients of the cause of action — Defective and insufficiently particularised pleading disallowed — Application allowed in part. 1 Preliminary objection — Non-compliance with Order 41 Rule 11 Rules of Court 2012 — Failure to attach certifying exhibit to proposed amendments — Whether technical non-compliance results in substantial miscarriage of justice — Whether deficiency can be cured — Whether substantive justice should prevail over procedural technicality — Whether opposing parties prejudiced by non-compliance 1 Reply to Defence — Striking out application — Introduction of new allegations and causes of action in reply — Whether reply can depart from statement of claim — Whether new factual matters involving separate transactions can be pleaded in reply — Scope and function of reply pleading — Whether reply must be confined to answering matters raised in defence — Whether questioned paragraphs introduce new causes of action that should have been pleaded in statement of claim — Application of Order 18 rule 19(1)(b), (c) and (d) of Rules of Court 2012 — Whether questioned paragraphs scandalous, frivolous or vexatious — Whether questioned paragraphs irrelevant to reliefs sought in original claim — Whether questioned paragraphs will prejudice, embarrass or delay fair trial of action — Whether inclusion of questioned paragraphs constitutes abuse of process — Duplicative litigation of same matters in multiple suits — Risk of inconsistent findings between concurrent proceedings — Whether similar fact evidence provisions under sections 11(b), 14 and 15 of Evidence Act 1950 justify pleading matters in reply — Distinction between pleading facts and adducing similar fact evidence at trial — Proper procedure for expanding claim through amendment rather than reply — Principle of judicial consistency between decisions of coordinate jurisdiction — Application of precedent in substantially similar factual and legal circumstances 1 Sufficiency of pleading defences — Whether accord and satisfaction properly pleaded — Whether lack of cause of action sufficiently raised — Whether failure to cross-examine witnesses amounts to abandonment of defence — Whether unpleaded defences can be raised in submissions — Whether reduction of claimed sum requires pleading amendment 1
Material facts — Failure to plead material facts in the Statement of Claim — Allegation of unidentified repairman ("Malay male") — Order 18 Rule 7(1) of the Rules of Court 2012 — Litigation by ambush — Inadmissibility of unpleaded evidence 1 case
Amendment — Application for leave to re-amend Statement of Claim — Rules of Court 2012, Order 20 Rule 5 — Change of solicitors — Proposed amendments to introduce additional factual averments, expand on misrepresentation particulars, and add alternative claim for negligent misrepresentation — Whether proposed amendments introduce a new cause of action or change the character of the suit — Whether application affected by delay — Distinguishing introduction of alternative legal basis from fundamental change to identity of litigation — Proposed amendments arising from same core factual matrix and insurance policy — Absence of prejudice to Defendant that cannot be compensated by costs — Trial dates not derailed — Proposed amendment to introduce claim for breach of statutory duty — Failure to identify specific statute or plead essential ingredients of the cause of action — Defective and insufficiently particularised pleading disallowed — Application allowed in part. 1 case
Preliminary objection — Non-compliance with Order 41 Rule 11 Rules of Court 2012 — Failure to attach certifying exhibit to proposed amendments — Whether technical non-compliance results in substantial miscarriage of justice — Whether deficiency can be cured — Whether substantive justice should prevail over procedural technicality — Whether opposing parties prejudiced by non-compliance 1 case
Sufficiency of pleading defences — Whether accord and satisfaction properly pleaded — Whether lack of cause of action sufficiently raised — Whether failure to cross-examine witnesses amounts to abandonment of defence — Whether unpleaded defences can be raised in submissions — Whether reduction of claimed sum requires pleading amendment 1 case
Key Statutes
Rules of Court 2012
cited in 4 cases Evidence Act 1950 (Cap 56)
cited in 3 cases Federal Constitution
cited in 1 case Court Distribution
Key People & Firms
Top Judges
Top Firms
Top Lawyers
Victor Pang Chee Siong 1 Shaikh Abdul Saleem bin Shaikh Abdul Karim 1 Jasmin Irisa binti Ahmad Mirza 1 Henry Poh Jun Yang 1 John Aloysius Skelchy 1 Ung Zhee Laine 1 Jeane Lee Yi Jin 1 Muzalifah Shabudin 1 Nur Fathin Farrisya 1 M Manoharan 1 M.Hariharan 1 Barvina Ponnusamy 1 Sathisharajah Yuvarajah 1 Alex Chang Huey Wah 1 Chang Jun Chen Sean 1
Cases
ka-23ncvc-1-02-2024
R SIVAKUMAR A/L RAJOO v UNIVERSITI UTARA MALAYSIA
25 April 2026
MYHC
wa-22ncc-360-07-2022
UNIQUE STEEL & HARDWARE SDN BHD v EXPORT-IMPORT BANK OF MALAYSIA BERHAD
12 February 2026
MYHC
wa-22ncc-140-03-2023
KENANGA INVESTORS BERHAD v 1. ) ZULRAFQ CAPITAL SDN BHD 2. ) TAN SRI ZULHASNAN BIN RAFIQUE PIHAK TERKILAN 1. ) DATUK WIRA ISMITZ MATTHEW 2. ) MUHAMMAD TAQIUDDIN HALIM
10 February 2026
MYHC
wa-22ncc-228-05-2022
Ovanti Ventures Sdn Bhd (Dahulu Dikenali Sebagai IOU Pay (Asia) Sdn Bhd) v 1. ) ANGGUN DINAMIK HOLDINGS INTERNATIONAL SDN BHD 2. ) WAN NOORIMIE AZURA BINTI WAN MOHAMAD 3. ) Kuan Choon Hsuing 4. ) Edward Tan Tee Tong 5. ) Wang Ern Wei 6. ) Liew Jwo PIHAK TERKILAN 1. ) WANG ERN WEI 2. ) EDWARD TAN TEE TONG 3. ) LIEW JWO 4. ) Kuan Choon Hsuing
28 April 2025
MYHC
wa-22ncc-621-12-2020
Lim Mei Jin (Menyaman Sebagai Wakil Diri Kepada Loh Yuen Weng (Si Mati) [Yang Telah Dilantik Sebagai "Executrix" Dan Pemegang Amanah ("Trustee") Untuk Estet Loh Yuen Weng (Si Mati)] v LOH YUEN TUCK
21 July 2024
MYHC