CRIMINAL LAW: Common intention
7 cases · January 2026 to January 2026
Key Issues & Sub-Topics
s. 34 Penal Code — Whether s. 34 creates substantive offence or is a rule of evidence — Participation as essential element — Meaning of participation — Whether mere presence at scene of offence sufficient to establish participation — Whether presence must carry quality of facilitating or promoting the offence — Whether court may draw collective finding of common intention against all accused without identifying individual participatory acts — Whether prosecution must establish evidential minimum of participation individually against each accused 7 Acquittal of co-accused — Whether absence of any act, demand, threat or handling of gratification by one accused negates participation under s. 34 Penal Code — Whether concessions by prosecution's own witnesses and principal complainant that accused performed no act of participation fatal to charge — Whether doubt arising from prosecution's own case, independently of accused's defence, sufficient to warrant acquittal 7
s. 34 Penal Code — Whether s. 34 creates substantive offence or is a rule of evidence — Participation as essential element — Meaning of participation — Whether mere presence at scene of offence sufficient to establish participation — Whether presence must carry quality of facilitating or promoting the offence — Whether court may draw collective finding of common intention against all accused without identifying individual participatory acts — Whether prosecution must establish evidential minimum of participation individually against each accused 7 cases
ja-42ra-1-02-2025 MUHAMMAD AZIM BIN MUHAMAD ADNAN v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
ja-42ra-2-02-2025 Mohd Shahir Bin Ahmad Dewi - Dalam Jaminan v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
ja-42ra-3-02-2025 MUHAMMAD AZIM BIN MUHAMAD ADNAN v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
ja-42ra-4-02-2025 1. ) MOHAMAD ZULHISHAM BIN ZULKAFLI 2. ) MOHAMED SYUKUR BIN GULAM MOHAMED v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
ja-42ra-5-02-2025 1. ) MOHAMAD ZULHISHAM BIN ZULKAFLI 2. ) MOHAMED SYUKUR BIN GULAM MOHAMED v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
+ 2 more cases
Acquittal of co-accused — Whether absence of any act, demand, threat or handling of gratification by one accused negates participation under s. 34 Penal Code — Whether concessions by prosecution's own witnesses and principal complainant that accused performed no act of participation fatal to charge — Whether doubt arising from prosecution's own case, independently of accused's defence, sufficient to warrant acquittal 7 cases
ja-42ra-1-02-2025 MUHAMMAD AZIM BIN MUHAMAD ADNAN v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
ja-42ra-2-02-2025 Mohd Shahir Bin Ahmad Dewi - Dalam Jaminan v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
ja-42ra-3-02-2025 MUHAMMAD AZIM BIN MUHAMAD ADNAN v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
ja-42ra-4-02-2025 1. ) MOHAMAD ZULHISHAM BIN ZULKAFLI 2. ) MOHAMED SYUKUR BIN GULAM MOHAMED v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
ja-42ra-5-02-2025 1. ) MOHAMAD ZULHISHAM BIN ZULKAFLI 2. ) MOHAMED SYUKUR BIN GULAM MOHAMED v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
+ 2 more cases
Key Statutes
Penal Code (Cap 574)
cited in 7 cases MACC Act 2009
cited in 7 cases Criminal Procedure Code (Cap 593)
cited in 7 cases Evidence Act 1950 (Cap 56)
cited in 7 cases Court Distribution
Key People & Firms
Cases
ja-42ra-1-02-2025
MUHAMMAD AZIM BIN MUHAMAD ADNAN v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
MYHC
ja-42ra-2-02-2025
Mohd Shahir Bin Ahmad Dewi - Dalam Jaminan v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
MYHC
ja-42ra-3-02-2025
MUHAMMAD AZIM BIN MUHAMAD ADNAN v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
MYHC
ja-42ra-4-02-2025
1. ) MOHAMAD ZULHISHAM BIN ZULKAFLI 2. ) MOHAMED SYUKUR BIN GULAM MOHAMED v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
MYHC
ja-42ra-5-02-2025
1. ) MOHAMAD ZULHISHAM BIN ZULKAFLI 2. ) MOHAMED SYUKUR BIN GULAM MOHAMED v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
MYHC
ja-42ra-6-03-2025
MOHD SHAHIR BIN AHMAD DEWI v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
MYHC
ja-42ra-7-03-2025
MOHD SHAHIR BIN AHMAD DEWI v Pendakwa Raya
8 January 2026
MYHC