LAI HAN PENG BERNIAGA SEBAGAI HP PLASTER CEILING ENTERPRISE (NO PENDAFTARAN PERNIAGAAN MA0095817-V) v STS STEVEN TRADING SDN BHD

ma-11ancc-1-09-2025 High Court (Mahkamah Tinggi) 3 May 2026 • MA-11ANCC-1-09/2025

Catchwords

Order 14 — Summary judgment — Threshold requirements — Burden shifting — Bona fide triable issue — Affidavit evidence — Requirement of particularisation — Bare denial — Unsupported assertion — Whether sufficient to resist summary judgment. Commercial debt claim — Goods sold and delivered — Invoices — Delivery orders — Statements of account — Whether documents constitute contract reduced into writing — Acceptance by conduct — Failure to protest invoice terms. Interest clause — Late payment interest — Invoice endorsement — Whether binding — Oral assurance contradicting written terms — Admissibility — Section 92 Evidence Act 1950 — Forbearance vs waiver — Estoppel — Variation of contract — Absence of contemporaneous objection. Course of dealing — Prior non-enforcement of interest — Whether amounts to waiver — Whether representation established — Requirement of clear and unequivocal conduct — Detrimental reliance . Set-off — Commission claim — Alleged oral agreement — Requirement of particularity — Proof of cross-demand — Whether written confirmations sufficient — Absence of agreed rate, calculation, or quantum — Whether triable issue disclosed. Affidavit contradictions — Precision and consistency — Contemporaneous documents — Inherent improbability — Duty of court to reject shadowy defence — Application of majority principle in summary judgment. Judicial admissions — Effect — Partial payments — Acknowledgment of indebtedness — Whether denial sustainable. Appellate intervention — Discretion — No error of principle — No miscarriage of justice — When appellate court may interfere. Civil Law Act 1956, s.11 — Post-judgment interest — Rate — Application to principal sum.

Judges (1)

Raja Segaran a/l S.krishnan Delivered

Parties (2)

LAI HAN PENG BERNIAGA SEBAGAI HP PLASTER CEILING ENTERPRISE Appellant STS STEVEN TRADING Sdn Bhd Respondent

Judgment

Read the full judgment on the official Malaysia Courts portal.

Read on eJudgment

Source: eJudgment (ma-11ancc-1-09-2025)